Over the last five decades a growing number of governments in developed and developing countries have implemented targeting policies to increase the R&D to GDP ratio. However, until now there have been few attempts either to evaluate the effectiveness of these policy efforts or to identify the...

The scanty economic literature has attributed to female voting part of the increase in government expenditure and social government expenditure over the XXth century. This finding results puzzling considering that the political science literature has documented that women tended to be more...

This paper analyzes empirically the relationship between innovation and productivity in the Chilean services sector. Consistent with recent evidence on developed countries, we find that services firms are as innovative as firms in the manufacturing industry. In the basic model, we also find that...

Both exports and innovation—in particular, research and development (R&D)—are key factors for the growth of firms and economies, but there has been little study of the combined impact of exports and innovation on growth of firms and economics, especially in developing countries. We use...

A recent theoretical literature has given relevance to the study of the relationship between product mix changes and firm productivity. In this paper, taking advantage of a rich dataset for manufacturing plants in Chile during the period 1996-2000, we use matching techniques and a difference in...

The discovery of new export opportunities has been an important trait of economic growth and development in Chile since the mid-1970s (Agosin, 1999; Meller, 1994; and Meller and Sáez, 1995). An additional aspect that makes Chile an interesting case study is that these opportunities have arisen almost...

Are natural resources a blessing or a curse? The authors present a model in which natural resources have a positive effect on the level of income and a negative effect on its growth rate. The positive and permanent effect on income implies a welfare gain. There is a growth effect stemming from a...

This paper makes three contributions to the literature on agricultural productivity. First, we provide estimates of growth in agriculture’s total factor productivity (TFP) for a panel of countries using a translog-production function. In contrast to most of the existing literature, the...

This paper investigates the impact of multilateral trade linkages on bilateral real exchange rate volatility by examining a particular channel —the extent of the e?ects of di?erences on import intensities (GDP’s share of imports of a given product and origin) between trade part- ners—of...

Numerous studies predict that developing countries with low human capital may not benefit from the strengthening of intellectual property rights. The authors extend an influential theoretical framework to highlight the role of intellectual property rights in the process of innovation and...