Using both large-sample tests and a detailed analysis of annual reports, we examine whether the recognition of income from special items is consistent with smoothing and/or big-bath behavior. Consistent with smoothing by firms with large earnings increases and big-bath behavior by firms with...

Empirical research provides scant evidence that just-in-time (JIT) adopters outperform their non-adopting industry peers. Using a sample of 201 JIT adopters and matched non-adopters, we examine the relation between financial performance and JIT. Our sample-wide results indicate that JIT adopters...