that traditional sources of capital accounted for 65% of the firms' start-up capital and 35% of the start-up capital was … compared to traditional sources of financing when bootstrap financing comprised at least 60% of the total start-up capital. No …

, studies of small firms have been somewhat less common, and investigation of capital structure at origin (start-up) has been … virtually nil. In this paper we present empirical evidence concerning the start-up capital structures of small firms. We base … debt is prevalent among start-up firms in transportation and utilities than those in other industries. When debt obtained …

A question of explaining bank failures constitutes perhaps one of the greatest interest to banks' clients, policy … variables did not seem to influence failures significantly. …