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One of the most significant types of social security these days is the compulsory state pension insurance. Within the … total expenditure of compulsory state social insurance the pension insurance costs increased from 85.5 % in 2001 to 91 ….18 % in 2011. Given the complicated demographic and economic conditions, the system of compulsory state pension insurance …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010755986
The probability of income loss depends on talent and effort. Effort has positive externalities and therefore individuals are awarded status in proportion to their perceived diligence. The social norm requires more effort from individuals perceived as more talented. But talent is private...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005779767
The probability of income loss depends on talent and effort. Effort has positive externalities and therefore individuals are proportion to their perceived diligence. The social norm requires more effort from individuals perceived as more talented, but talent is private information and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005644616
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005590852
The Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Program (EDPRP) was developed with the active participation and support of society, executive authorities, nongovernment organizations, academia, businessmen, and donors. The study additionally provides coordinated mechanisms for bilateral and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005825520
assistance might mean for the time stream of both revenue for the Commonwealth budget and repayment obligations for farms …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004977287
Community-rating regulations equalize the insurance premiums faced by the healthy and the unhealthy. Intended reductions in the unhealthy's premiums can be undone, however, if the healthy forgo coverage. The severity of this adverse selection problem hinges largely on how health care costs are...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011210830
The evidence on gender discrimination in lending remains controversial. To capture gender biases in banks’ loan allocations, we observe the impact on the applicants of a microfinance institution (MFI) and exploit the natural experiment of a regulatory change imposing a strict EUR 10,000 loan...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011185443
This paper compares the loans granted to male and female entrepreneurs by a French microfinance institution (MFI). The sample period is split in two: before and after the MFI implemented France's regulatory EUR 10,000 loan ceiling. In the first period, the MFI does not co-finance projects with...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010736404
This paper compares the loans granted to male and female entrepreneurs by a French microfinance institution (MFI). The sample period is split in two: before and after the MFI implemented France's regulatory EUR 10,000 loan ceiling. In the first period, the MFI does not co-finance projects with...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010900244