For nonlinear programming problems, we propose a new class of smooth exact penalty functions, which includes both barrier-type and exterior-type penalty functions as special cases. We develop necessary and sufficient conditions for exact penalty property and inverse proposition of exact...

For semi-infinite programming (SIP), we consider a class of smoothed penalty functions, which approximate the exact $$l_\rho (0\rho \le 1)$$ penalty functions. On base of the smoothed penalty function, we present a feasible penalty algorithm for solving SIP. Without any boundedness condition or...

For semi-infinite programming (SIP), we consider a class of smoothed penalty functions, which approximate the exact <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$$l_\rho (0\rho \le 1)$$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> penalty functions. On base of the smoothed penalty function, we present a feasible penalty algorithm for solving SIP. Without any boundedness condition...</equationsource></inlineequation>

In this paper, we introduce a generalized proximal Lagrangian function for the constrained nonlinear programming problem and discuss existence of its saddle points. In particular, the local saddle point is obtained by using the second-order sufficient conditions, and the global saddle point is...

Department: School of Business.

We first review the literature on rural household energy consumption. China's household energy consumption is studied, based on a large household-energy survey. The consumption of fuels is determined by income, resource availability, household size, and coal prices. The feasibility of...

This paper serves to document and analyze the employment and the labor market changes in urban China since the late 1980s. High and sustained GDP growth rates in China have paradoxically been accompanied by increasing unemployment rates and decreasing labor force participation rates. Using...