This research focuses on an open-loop reverse supply chain, which includes a single centralized returns center (CRC) and multiple local collection points (LCPs). Each LCP receives a stream of returned products from consumers and once its inventory reaches its economic inventory level, these...

Cooperative advertising, which usually occurs in a vertical supply chain, is typically a cost sharing and promotion mechanism for the manufacturer to affect retail performance. Research in the literature, however, rarely considers the important phenomenon that advertising has a positive effect...

This paper proposes an aggregated ratio analysis model which can be utilized to evaluate relative efficiency of decision making units (DMUs). We show that our proposed ratio model is equivalent to the CCR DEA model. This equivalence property offers a great deal of opportunities for DEA to be...

There exists a widely held belief that informed investors manipulate stock prices prior to seasoned equity offerings (SEO). Contrary to this assertion, a model is developed, which demonstrates there is significant evidence that informed investors not to manipulate trading prior to a SEO....

Relief material management which aims to reduce the impact of disaster and maintain social stability is of great importance for nonprofit organization (NPO) such as government, department of civil affair or Red Cross. However, the research of efficiency and performance on this field has long...