This paper studies options on the minimum/maximum of two average prices. We provide a closed-form pricing formula for the option with geometric averaging starting at any time before maturity. We show overwhelming numerical evidence that the variance reduction technique with the help of the above...

We propose a U-shaped relation between the relative weight of bank loans in total corporate debt and the firm's market-to-book ratio-a proxy for expected growth-which reconciles most existing theories. Using data on Japanese firms for 1983-97, we do find that, in the lower range of growth...

We test how keiretsu membership affects the Fama and French (1999) required IRR on value (or cost of capital) and the IRR on cost (or return on investment), 1974-95, of all listed non-financials in Japan. Rather than computing point estimates from aggregate data, we employ non-linear...

The literature has documented positive announcement effects for privately placed seasoned equity issues. This study shows positive announcement effects not only for private but also for public placements in Hong Kong. Our unique data offer new insights not obtainable from U.S. data as we examine...

We estimate both one-factor Vasicek and CIR bond pricing models and the cubic spline model using Belgian government bond data on each trading day over 1991-1992. We observe humped zero-yield curves with the two economic models but not the spline model during the period. The CIR model scores...

This paper generalizes the Myers and Majluf (1984) model by introducing an agency cost structure based on private benefits of control. This new model predicts that many corporate finance variables each have opposing effects on under- and overinvestment. Private benefits exacerbate overinvestment...

Using Fama and French's (1998) framework, we investigate how firm value is related to financing decisions and corporate governance, during and after the Japanese deregulation (1974 to 1997). We find that there is rich information about firm value from financing decisions. The value information...

Although the Fama-French three-factor model captures most CAPM anomalies, it still fails to explain return momentum. This paper shows that the incorporation of conditioning information into an asset-pricing model is one way to capture return momentum. Results from the conditional regression with...

In implementing a variance-minimizing cross or delta hedge, the regression coefficient is often estimated using data from the past, but one could also use estimators that are suggested by the random-walk or unbiased-expectations models and require just a single price. We compare the performances...

Using Fama and French's (1998) framework, we investigate how firm value is related to financing decisions and corporate governance, during and after the Japanese deregulation (1974 to 1997). We find that there is rich information about firm value from financing decisions. The value information...