. Thus, they run counter to effective anti-corruption. It is argued that other instruments are more suitable for preventing … corruption. …

cost of corruption during the period of 2001-2009 was Rp73.1 trillion (about US $7.86 billion). In this paper, total … of corruption and total financial punishment sentenced shall be borne by the tax payers. Logistic and Tobin’s logistic … who committed petty and small scales corruption tend to be punished more severely than their medium, large and grand …

This study contributes to the understanding of the causal relationship between gang culture, criminality and corruption … in Nigeria universities where both criminality and corruption are very high complementary variables. Writers on gang … criminality and corruption. This study adopts the time-series models of Granger (1969) to investigate and explain the causality …

Culture, cults and character are shown to be the “Three C’s” of graft and corruption. The notion of “conversation” is …

This article seeks to provide an insight on the international phenomenon of corruption, dealing with its existence, and … whether compliance is higher with Anti-Corruption laws or with corruption itself, resulting in anti-corruption laws being much … standards and higher compliance controls and other effective anti-corruption laws and policies in light of rapid increase in …

The paper aims to achieve a synthesis of the systemic connections between corruption, transparency and quality of the … public services. Situated at the interface between public and private, corruption has the political and administrative … environments as important determinations. Based on a series of papers from the area of corruption economics, the paper proposes a …

enforcers - on sequential, bilateral, illegal transactions such as corruption, manager-auditor collusion, or drug deals. It is …