Investors' expectations of market volatility, captured by the VIX (the Chicago Board Options Exchange's volatility index - also known as the quot;investor fear gaugequot;), affects the expected returns of US equities in two ways. Firstly, the VIX is a priced-factor in a five-factor model of...

We analyze minute by minute equity price data from 1 August 2005 to 31 October 2008 to study the relationship between the three sources of systematic risk in Fama and French's (1993) model and the market's expectation of total risk as represented by the VIX (the “fear factor”). Our findings...

This study addresses the relationship between the munificence offered by a country’s proximate institutions in terms of a critical financial resource (informal investments) and human resource (entrepreneurship education) and its early-stage entrepreneurial activity. We also examine how this...

The effects of trading Level I ADRs in the US OTC market were investigated for 119 firms from Hong Kong, the United Kingdom (UK), Australia, Japan, South Africa, Germany and Brazil during the period February 1992 to April 2001. Since firms that undertake Level I ADR programs do not reconcile...

We use the All Ordinaries Index and the corresponding Share Price Index futures contract written against the All Ordinaries Index to estimate optimal hedge ratios, adopting several specifications: an ordinary least squares-based model, a vector autoregression, a vector error-correction model...

This paper considers a new class of time series models called autoregressive conditional duration (ACD) models. These models have been developed and applied to investigate the price discovery process in the context of financial markets. The various statistical properties of this class of ACD...

We use the All Ordinaries Index and the corresponding Share Price Index futures contract written against the All Ordinaries Index to estimate optimal hedge ratios, adopting several specifications: an ordinary least squares-based model, a vector autoregression, a vector error-correction model and...