Today, it is almost inevitable that software is licensed, rather than sold outright. As a part of the licensing policy, some protection mechanisms, whether hardware, legal or code-based, are invariably built into the license. The application of such mechanisms has primarily been in the realm of...

Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are commonly prepared and signed agreements that form the contracts between a service provider and its customers, defining the obligations and liabilities of the parties. Naturally, SLAs should reflect the business needs of both customer and supplier. SLAs are...

In 2007 and 2008, Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs), mostly from Asia and the Middle East, invested billions of dollars in the stocks of major US financial institutions, but prior to these investments, SWFs were relatively unknown in the US. Following major investments by SWFs in the US stock...

This paper examines the reactions of investors to the arrival of unexpected information in five major US equity markets from 1990 to 2001, a period characterized by high daily trading volume and the increasing presence of noise-traders. Market surprises are identified using a strictly...

This study investigates the January effect in US equity markets using three market indexes from 1964-1998: Dow Jones Composite, NYSE Composite and the SP500. Chow tests for structural stability indicate that the estimated parameters in an equation testing for monthly seasonal effects in the...

This article examines the relative influence of the US, UK and Japan on Middle Eastern Emerging Markets (MEEMs). The empirical results, from maximum likelihood regressions, Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models and Vector Autoregression (VAR) estimates, provide...