It is important to understand photovoltaic (PV) module degradation for the design of PV systems. In the present study results of degradation in mono-crystalline-silicon PV generator of a solar water pump after 28 years of outdoor exposure at a western Himalayan location in the Indian state of...

The site-specific evaluation of a solar photovoltaic technology helps in identifying its suitability for that location. The objective of the present study is to assess the suitability of different PV technologies under Indian climatic conditions. The performance assessment of photovoltaic...

The performance analysis of a 190 kWp solar photovoltaic power plant installed at Khatkar-Kalan, India, is carried out. The final yield, reference yield and performance ratio, are found to vary from 1.45 to 2.84 kWh/kWp-day, 2.29 to 3.53 kWh/kWp-day and 55–83% respectively. The annual...

Understanding degradation mechanism is of utmost importance for long term reliability of photovoltaic technology. In the present study, degradation analysis of three different photovoltaic technology modules namely a-Si (amorphous single junction silicon), HIT (hetro-junction intrinsic thin...

Electricity generated using photovoltaic (PV) technology can only be economical if the PV modules operate reliably for 25–30 years under field conditions. In order to ensure such levels of reliability PV module undergo stringent qualification tests developed as per international standards by...

In recent years, the energy for the development of world economy depends entirely on fossil fuels which are not only rapidly depleting but are also causing environmental degradation. This situation has attracted the attention of world’s countries to develop alternative biofuels as a substitute...

The printed circuit board (PCB) assembling production process is generally optimized to ensure very low levels of errors (defects) so as to produce the higher quality product. The evaluation of efficiency of different types of PCB (cards) could help the management in identifying the quality of...

This study examines the energy requirement and energy input–output relationship of colocasia-based cropping systems viz., Colocasia–onion–frenchbean, colocasia–gardenpea–frenchbean, colocasia–wheat–okra, colocasia–radish–potato, colocasia–cabbage–frenchbean,...

Achieving  sustainable solutions to  today’s burning environmental problems  like  atmospheric pollution, waste management etc  requires  some effective  long term  result  oriented  actions. These   can  be   correlated   with  energy  resources  generations and  its uses....