As is well‐known,“foot‐binding”,regarded as an inefficient institution owing to its great harm to the women’s body and mind, existed and lasted for a very long period in the history of China. Furthermore, we are faced with the general question: why so many inefficient institutions in...

In term of time and space, economic changes are non-ergodic, reform speed and equilibrium is determined by the characteristics of time and space. The great achievements of China's gradual reforms are by no means accidental, time-space dependence and non-ergodic economic changes is consistent...

In the process of non-ergodic economic changes, path dependence and state dependence will become two main constraints of reform; this dependence determined the embeddeded structure of reform and its evolution. This article refined a theoretical framework for analysis reform on the...

This paper proposed a theoretical framework of innovation based on the perspective of ownership, and constructed an empirical research system of the relationship between ownership structure and innovation. In view of existing theme scattered and lack of interaction, this paper proposed a...

...

Chinese Abstract:...