's markets for investment and credit. An ETPL's underlying is a standardised commercial bank loan. With loan issue it is ‘pieced …

English Abstract: The authors review the availability and allocation of commercial credit in China, the investment … financiers. The paper concludes with a call to actions, to spur innovative and practical reform to the Chinese credit, saving and …

the factors of the issuing costs, information asymmetry, growth opportunity, credit quality and managerial ownership … employ more public debts, while firms with lower growth opportunities use more privately placements; (4) higher credit … quality firms use more public debts, lower credit quality firms use more non-bank private debts; (5) firms with higher insider …