This paper highlights the role of takeover defenses in the acquisition process. If managerial defensive effort is fixed, the unregulated level of takeover activity is lower than socially desirable since shareholders regard the financial incentives given to raiders to stimulate takeover activity...

According to the standard model of urban traffic congestion and urban spatial structure, congestion tolling results in a more concentrated city. In recent years, a new model of rush hour urban auto congestion has been developed which incorporates trip-timing decisions: the bottleneck model. In...

Many people believe that prevailing commission rates for residential real estate brokers are "too high" but do not offer a formal model. This paper presents a general equilibrium model of the housing market in which real estate brokers serve as matching intermediaries. We use this model to...

This paper develops and calibrates a model of downtown parking in a city without mass transit, and applies it to investigate downtown parking policy. There is curbside and garage parking and traffic congestion. Spatial competition between private parking garages determines the equilibrium garage...

A stationary-state perfect foresight model is developed in which housing and land are treated as investment assets convertible to each other at some costs. Investors hold either land or housing and are heterogeneous in the i. i. d idiosyncratic shocks to their conversion costs in every time...

In a first-best environment, taxi travel should be subsidized. The result derives from economies of scale to taxi density--doubling trips and taxis reduces waiting time. The subsidy should cover the shadow cost of taxis' idle time at the optimum.

This paper investigates property tax systems (linear taxes on pre-development land value, post-development structure value, and post-development site value) from a partial equilibrium perspective. Particular attention is paid to characterizing property tax systems that are neutral with respect...