intensity of apprentice training as measured by the employment share of apprentices. Innovation, firm age and competition … employment, innovation activities, firm age, labour costs, capital intensity, and competitive pressures all play a positive or …-ups ; training ; innovation ; firm age …

distinguish clearly between adoption and use of energy-related technologies (process innovation in the broad sense) and product … innovation in energy-related fields. We take into consideration four energy-related policy instruments (and expected demand for … adoption or innovation by interacting adoption and innovation variables with policy instrument dummies. We test our hypotheses …

'relevant' firms. Our empirical results indeed show that the measure performs better than the standard measure in an innovation … and significant impact on innovation success. However, the knowledge spillovers appear to be localized: Spillovers from … particularly Switzerland itself. Moreover, the spillover effect on innovation performance decreases with increasing number of …

This paper analyses the relationship between past innovation output, competition, and future innovation input in a … results for both countries. Innovation output in t-1 as measured by the sales share of innovative products is positively …&D investments in t+1, while high substitutability exerts negative incentives for future R&D investment. -- Innovation ; R …