Contents: 1. Introduction: Decentralization and parties -- 2: Building the theory: Majoritarian electoral systems and … party integration -- 3: Building the theory: Majoritarian electoral systems and non-integrated parties -- 4: Building the … theory: Proportional representation and closed party lists -- 5: Building the theory: Proportional representation and open …

mainstream public finance theory. In this paper we develop a formal framework to explain the rationale of the fiscal gap model …