Afghanistan, on the other. These countries received significant amounts of aid in different periods; their situations differed on …

Afghanistan, on the other. These countries received significant amounts of aid in different periods; their situations differed on …

segments of the population through a range of mechanisms. We study the effects of civilian casualties in Iraq and Afghanistan … longer run 'propaganda' and 'revenge' effects. In Afghanistan we find strong evidence that local exposure to civilian … harm to civilians may indeed help counterinsurgent forces in Afghanistan to reduce insurgent recruitment …

study in this article explores a different dynamic of post-war aid to Afghanistan and Iraq which had a legacy of …