Overall, the ECB managed monetary policy quite satisfactory in the first phase of EMU. Nevertheless, this paper asks whether monetary policy could not have been improved. In the last three years, Euroland was confronted with the first external shock. Oil prices increased considerably, leading to...

Austria has gained economically from all integration steps taken by the European Union over the past 15 years (eastern opening, Austria's accession to the EU and its currency union, EU enlargement). With some of these steps occurring in parallel, its effects have similarly overlapped. Eastern...

A new macroeconomic evaluation of EU enlargement is undertaken with a world macroeconomic model taking into account all possible integration effects: trade effects, Single Market effects, factor movements (FDI, migration) and the costs of enlargement. Due to the differences in size of the...

This paper analyses the effects of Agenda 2000's policy reform on the stocks of outward FDI to the European Union member countries. In a three-factors proximity-concentration New Trade Theory model we indentify the channels of influence on the FDI decision. In the empirical part, we estimate a...