The purpose of this paper is to investigate the rivalry between basic and applied research within public research labs. Study design considers the international publications a proxy of basic research, whereas the self-financing deriving from technology transfer activities is an indicator of...

Science discovers the root causes of phenomena to explain and predict them in a context of adaptation of life to new economic and social bases, whereas scientific research is a systematic process, applying methods of scientific inquiry, to solve consequential problems, to satisfy human wants, to...

A fundamental problem in the field of social studies of science is why nations produce scientific achievements. Many studies have analyzed characteristics of science and scientific research. However, the motivations of nations to produce scientific research are elusive. Firstly, this study...