business forecasting and prediction. We located 48 studies done between 1988 and 1994. For each, we evaluated how effectively …

Sports and war metaphors abound in business today. For example, one management book, Thunder in the Sky, by Thomas … business world as tantamount to victory in battle.” The book advises American executives to do the same. However, such … metaphors are misleading. The objective in both sports and war is to beat the competitor. Business, on the other hand, aims to …