"This paper studies empirically the relationship between trade policy and individual income risk faced by workers, and … three steps. First, longitudinal data on workers are used to estimate time-varying individual income risk parameters in … various manufacturing sectors. Second, the estimated income risk parameters and data on trade barriers are used to analyze the …

In this paper, we empirically assess the causal relationship between trade and individual income risk and study the … from 1976 to 2012. Our estimates suggest substantial heterogeneity in labor income risk across workers in different entry … exports (per worker) are strongly and causally related to income risk: Imports increase risk and exports decrease risk, and …