We investigate the effect of product diversity and geographic diversity on the performance of SMEs. We propose an inverted U shaped relationship between product (geographic) diversification (PD/GD) and the performance of SMEs. We also propose that PD and GD positively interact with each other to...

Drawing from the notion of cultural friction and based on the agency theory rationalization of multinational enterprise (MNE) headquarter–subsidiary relationship, we examine the impact of cultural friction in foreign subsidiaries on subsidiary performance. We argue that cultural friction,...

We extend internalization theory by examining the contingencies associated with market internalization and its impact on foreign subsidiary survival. Based on a sample of 6170 subsidiary-year observations in 63 countries belonging to 292 MNCs from Korea during 1995 to 2013, we find that greater...

We review the literature analyzing the impact of pro-market institutions on firms' global strategy. We propose that the ideological tension between whether the government or the market should drive economic development results in a pendulum of pro-market reforms and reversals that drive changes...

We examine the impact of firm-level governance structure on the innovation and internationalization strategies of emerging market firms. We propose that in the case of emerging market firms, governance is a response to the prevailing institutional environment and affects the innovation and...

An important step in the internationalization process of emerging economy firms is the shift from exports to foreign direct investment (FDI). We integrate the resource- and institution-based views to suggest that firms that can use unique institutional advantages are more likely to make this...