Current empirical methods to identify and assess the impact of bank credit supply shocks rely strictly on multi-bank … firms and ignore firms borrowing from only one bank. Yet, these single-bank firms are often the majority of firms in an …-location-size-time fixed effects) that allows identifying timevarying cross-sectional bank credit supply shocks using both single- and multi-bank …

We study how a bank's willingness to lend to a previously exclusive firm changes once the firm obtains a loan from … another bank (“outside loan”) and breaks an exclusive relationship. Using a difference-in-difference analysis and a setting … where outside loans are observable, we document that an outside loan triggers a decrease in the initial bank's willingness …