We examine ill-health retirement of police officers in England and Wales between 2002-3 and 2009-10. Differences in ill …-health retirement rates across forces are statistically related to area-specific stresses of policing and force-specific differences in …-health retirement from central government to local police authorities- impacted on the level of ill-health retirement, especially among …

Early retirement schemes and disability insurance in the Netherlands have both been reformed during the past decades …. The reforms have increased incentives to continue working and have decreased the substitution between early retirement and … rate of the elderly has increased. The concept of substitute pathways into retirement seems less relevant today as the …

Early retirement schemes and disability insurance in the Netherlands have both been reformed during the past decades …. The reforms have increased incentives to continue working and have decreased the substitution between early retirement and … rate of the elderly has increased. The concept of substitute pathways into retirement seems less relevant today as the …

Early retirement schemes and disability insurance in the Netherlands have both been reformed during the past decades …. The reforms have increased incentives to continue working and have decreased the substitution between early retirement and … rate of the elderly has increased. The concept of substitute pathways into retirement seems less relevant today as the …