The paper addresses disruptive changes that globalization imposes on the geography of innovation systems, and … initially weak national production and innovation systems. Second, a greater variety of international knowledge linkages is … possible, as globalization reduces the spatial stickiness of innovation. Third, globalization has culminated in an important …

involvement.The study of global production and innovation networks (GPN and GIN) also provides a powerful tool for sharpening the … diverse and intensely competing locations for innovation in emerging economies have entered the stage. Compared to the …