in innovation activity between regions have so far been rather unsuccessful. Using a unique data set which contains … in the efficiency of innovation activities can be found. This variation is in correspondence with a center … differences in efficiency of regional innovation systems can be explained by differences in R&D-cooperation behavior. …

industry structure are determined endogenously. Weak appropriability conditions in the downstream industry enhance innovation …

The paper deals with the significant impact of location on innovation activity that has been found in many empirical … of these issues the concept of a regional innovation system is presented in some detail and an overview of results from … recent research on regional innovation systems is given. The paper then discusses basic policy options and names a number of …

Systemic innovation theory emphasizes that innovations are the result of an interdependent exchange process between … different organizations. This is reflected in the current paradigm in European innovation policy, which aims at the support of … collaborative R&D and innovation projects bringing together science and industry. Building on a large data set using project …

Financing constraints have been discussed as a major obstacle to innovation. Small and medium-sized enterprises and … sense and as instruments for financing innovation. It also discusses implications of these developments for public policy …