Traditional mathematics is the language of precision. Statements are either true or false. But, in reality there are few things that are truly simply true or false. Life is full of shades of grey. Capturing these shades of grey has been problematic using traditional mathematics. Mathematics can...

Although modern scientific and technological advances derive computational power primarily from the classical evidence-based bottom-up cognition as founded by Greek philosopher Aristotle in his philosophy of science with a bivalent logic, the classical cognition, however, has met stiff...