) countries and also broken down by the age group of the household head. We find that pre-retirement households (households with a … in recent years, due partly to the fact that tax breaks for housing purchase, reforms in the housing loan market since … the early 2000s, and expansionary monetary policy enabled Japanese households to purchase housing at a younger age than …

available over time in Japan, especially since 2000, and that this has made it easier for Japanese households to purchase … for concern given the low level of financial literacy that prevails among the Japanese population and the likelihood that …