The recent economic downturn The decline in GDP during the recession has been concentrated in manufacturing and construction and triggered significant (though smaller) declines in basic services (distribution, hotels and restaurants, and transport). The decline in manufacturing production was...

Many EU countries are currently undergoing major demographic changes, particularly in terms of shrinking total and working-age populations and population ageing. If this trend is to continue, the functioning of the labour market is at risk as labour shortages are increasingly more likely to...

By 2030, labour demand could be equal to labour supply in most of the EU, creating significant challenges for policy-makers and firms. The 'tipping point' at which labour demand will become equal to labour supply in the EU – that is, when labour will become a constraint on economic growth –...

Based on Eurostat data the Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK) regularly analyses the development of labour costs and unit labour costs in Europe. This report presents labour cost trends in the private sector, disaggregated for private as well as public services and manufacturing industry, for...

Nach einem Jahrzehnt der sehr schwachen Lohnentwicklung in den 2000er Jahren, waren die 2010er Jahre ein Jahrzehnt in dem sich die Arbeits- und Lohnstückkostenentwicklung in Deutschland normalisiert hat. Die dynamischere Lohnentwicklung und das annähernde Ausschöpfen des...

Über den gesamten Verlauf der Covid-19-Pandemie in den Jahren 2020 und 2021 hat sich gezeigt, dass die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung in Europa durch die erfolgreichen Beschäftigungssicherungs- und Krisenprogramme weitgehend stabilisiert werden konnte. Die Beschäftigungssicherungsprogramme...

Im Zuge des russischen Angriffskriegs in der Ukraine und der damit verbundenen Folgen, wie der Unterbrechung von Lieferketten und hoher Preissteigerungsraten, waren in ganz Europa im Jahr 2022 die höchsten Arbeitskostenanstiege seit Beginn der 2000er Jahre und gleichzeitig massive...

This paper introduces a model for forecasting changes in employment levels and structures by sectors, occupational categories and educational attainment levels which is then applied to the new EU member states (NMS) and Bulgaria and Romania. The model is based on the following ideas As these...

This study considers the overall implications of changes in employment patterns for the nature of the jobs in which people are employed and for job quality, in particular for the EU member states over the period 1995-2005. Jobs, defined as a particular occupation in a particular industry, are...

As the economic recession in the EU seems to be drawing to a close, there is inevitable interest in what the effects on employment in different sectors of activity and occupations have been, or are still likely to be once all the repercussions have materialized. Indeed, given the lags in both...