We analyze the relationship between managerial ownership and company performance, testing the incentive and entrenchment hypothesis. Differently from previous literature, we focus on small and medium-sized private enterprises which constitute an important part of the German economy. We use a...

This paper studies the effect of managerial ownership on performance and the determinants of managerial ownership for small and medium-sized private companies. We use a panel of around 1300 firms in the German business-related service sector for the years 1997-2000. Managerial ownership up to...

This paper aims to measure the influence of the family responsible ownership practices on the socially responsible behaviour of family small and medium firms. To reach this purpose, we define six hypothesis and we apply an empirical testing of an integrative model. Based on a sample of 84 family...