Economic interest in innovation policy largely arises from the fundamental importance of innovation to social welfare and from well-known inefficiencies in innovation in a competitive market environment. As a result, a wide variety of public innovation policies are used in practice. This report...

This study considers employment and productivity growth generated by the public funding of R&D using linked employer-employee data in Finland. Public subsidies, instrumented by available public R&D funding in the industry/region, have a positive effect on productivity growth in small and...

This exploratory study examines outsourcing and offshoring of software development by analysing Indian companies in Finland. Based on qualitative data our results support the view that offshore outsourcing decisions are usually cost-driven. Another important motive has been the availability of...

This paper uses a job duration model based on linked employeremployee data over the period 1989-1998 with an emphasis on the job mobility of the highly educated. It is shown that the job mobility of all prime age workers is sensitive to pecuniary incentives. However, wages as a whole include...

This paper explains early retirement using Finnish time-use data, gathered by Statistics Finland during the years 1987 and 2000. The biggest gain drawn from time-use data is the capability to give information of individuals’ non-monetary activities. Finnish early retirement years are, in many...

This paper examines wage compensations and worker mobility in firms with different size using linked employer-employee Finnish data over the period 1989-1996. We show that the unobserved human capital component of wages is increasing in firm size and explains a substantial share of the higher...

We aim at explaining why some consumers use only one medium when paying for their point-of-sale transactions, while others multihome and use many. Using data on young Finnish consumers, we find that one key determinant of multihoming behavior in the market for payment media is consumer...

Ageing takes place in Finland some 15 years earlier than in other European countries. The central actors in implementing active ageing policies are ministries that have been co-operating with each other. Active ageing policy in Finland has some of the advantages of networking in a small country,...

We analyse taxes and employment in a system of firm-level labour demand and industry-level regional labour supply, using linked employer-employee data from Finland in 1990-2003. We show that virtually all of the wage tax burden is borne by employers since wages fully adjust. Labour demand also...

This paper explains early retirement using Finnish time-use data for couples in 1999-2000 and follow up data on labour market status in 2000-2003. People busy in general stay in the labour market longer. However, non-work time activities such as household work and active leisure make retirement...