adult courts. During that same time period juvenile violent crime" rates have grown almost twice as quickly as adult crime … relative punishments" can account for 60 percent of the differential growth rates in juvenile and adult violent crime" between …

identifying the effects of punishment on crime by finding new ways to break the simultaneity of crime rates and punishments. The …This chapter reviews empirical studies of criminal punishment and the criminal justice system by economists. Since the … new empirical evidence generally supports the deterrence model but shows that incapacitation influences crime rates, too …

adult courts. During that same time period juvenile violent crime" rates have grown almost twice as quickly as adult crime … relative punishments" can account for 60 percent of the differential growth rates in juvenile and adult violent crime" between …