Contingent claims with payoffs depending on finitely many asset prices are modeled as elements of a separable Hilbert space. Under fairly general conditions, including market completeness, it is shown that one may change measure to a reference measure under which asset prices are Gaussian and...

European call options are priced when the uncertainty driving the stock price follows the V. G. stochastic process (Madan and Seneta 1990). The incomplete markets equilibrium change of measure is approximated and identified using the log return mean. variance, and kurtosis. An exact equilibrium...

In this paper, we investigate the behavior of the bitcoin (BTC) price through the vanilla options available on the market. We calibrate a series of Markov models on the option surface. In particular, we consider the Black-Scholes model, Laplace model, five Variance Gamma related models and the...

Lower and upper prudent valuations in two price economies obtained on sufficiently distorting physical probabilities for returns to horizons matching option maturities straddle the market prices of options. Market prices are then modeled as geometric averages of the extremal valuations. Upper...

Summarizing option surfaces using parametric representations, their movements are decomposed into a number of effects. Arguments are presented for treating traditional sensitivity attribution terms as regression factors leading to significant attribution improvements