This note seeks to clarify whether applications of Cox's (1961) modified likelihood ratio principle logically require a two- or one-tailed test. Logic requires the test of discrimination be one-tailed and the significance test for non-nested hypotheses be two-tailed. The significance test of a...

This paper attempts to synthesize various procedures for testing non-nested hypotheses within the framework of artificial nesting, and establishes the result that different tests correspond to different treatments of its identification problem. Numerical and a priori identification methods are...

Within the framework of linear regression, errors arising from artificial inclusion or exclusion of variables are considered with augmentations or restrictions on a given maintained hypothesis. This permits exploitation of relations between tests based on Wald and Lagrange Multiplier Principles....

This paper analyzes a systems approach to employment effects by formulating CONDELES, the aggregate consumption function associated with Durables in the Extended Linear Expenditure System. The complete system, with disposable income, prices, the real interest rate and lagged stocks is fitted to...

This note applies the traditional analysis of specification error to the Cox-tests for separate regression models. Incorrect inclusion of variables in the alternative model leads to consistent tests of the null, whereas incorrect exclusion of variables from the alternative may render the tests...

The first paper demonstrates that Theil's (1961) minimum error variance criterion is asymptotically valid for choosing between non-nested non-linear regression models, as long as one of the models is 'true'. The second paper shows that when the null and alternative hypotheses are separate...

This paper seeks to distinguish the principles upon which testing of statistical hypotheses may be based and the practical method which these principles generate. Six examples are given for the case of nested hypotheses as illustrations. The concept of an artificial model is analyzed. When...

This paper examines the issue of simultaneity in the money demand equation of a small open economy by analyzing the implications of alternative exchange rate regimes. When simultaneous-bias arises, its direction and magnitude are empirical issues. A structurally stable money demand equation is...

This paper examines the consistency properties of some tests of a null model against a single non-nested alternative and against multiple non-nested alternatives (paired and joint tests, respectively). Consistency of the tests is evaluated. First, even when all possible paired comparisons are...

This paper derives a complete system of commodity-expenditure and money demand equations. This approach seeks to: 1) unify the treatment of joint intertemporal decisions regarding the allocation of income and savings to expenditures on commodities; 2) accommodate a treatment of durable goods; 3)...