The paper adresses the need for more flexibility in the integration process of the European Union after its recent eastward enlargement. Due to the increasing number of decision-makers and the increasing heterogeneity of economic structures, financial constraints, societal preferences, and...

In the light of the current economic debt crisis within the Euro zone, the heterogeneity of EU members has becoming increasingly apparent. This heterogeneity is evident not only in some single macroeconomic variables but also in the level of economic integration with the other EU members....

Der Begriff der europäischen Integration findet in wissenschaftlichen Beiträgen und politi-schen Debatten zwar große Verwendung, eine einheitliche Definition existiert jedoch nicht. Hierdurch sind Integrationsschritte oder -prozesse kaum quantifizierbar. Auch wird selten darauf eingegangen,...

This paper highlights the economic meaning of the size of the state for members of the European Union, thereby making the economic success of EU states statistically tangible. Firstly, we show in descriptive illustrations that the theoretically expected characteristics of small countries clearly...