regional trading arrangements (RIAS) on trade policy towards non-members in a three-good, three-country model. …

regional trading arrangements (RIAS) on trade policy towards non-members in a three-good, three-country model. …

direction of the trade pattern, immiserising tariff reductions may occur. Here it is shown that in the mirror case when foreign …-owned factors tend to promote the existing trade pattern (i.e. trade-promoting), similar results can be obtained. On the other hand …, when foreign factors are trade-substituting, tariff reductions cannot be immiserising. Extending the analysis to the case …