*The European Union will enter Stage Three of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in 1999. The development of euro … financial markets and thickness externalities in the use of the euro as means of payment will be the major factors determining … the importance of the euro as an international currency. As euro securities markets become deeper and more liquid and …

This paper analyses the issues raised by EMU for the relationships between the euro area and the international … financial system. The depreciation of the euro exchange rate since the beginning of EMU has attracted most attention. The paper … that the authorities should take a more active policy stance. The paper assesses the role of the euro as an international …

The European Union will enter Stage Three of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in 1999. The development of euro … financial markets and thickness externalities in the use of the euro as a means of payment will be the major factors determining … the importance of the euro as an international currency. As euro securities markets become deeper and more liquid and …

Foreign exchange reserve accumulation has risen dramatically in recent years. The introduction of the euro, greater … currencies. Making various assumptions on expected currency returns and the variance-covariance structure, we assess how the euro …-free) currency. (ii) The optimum portfolios show a much lower weight for the euro than is observed. This suggests that the euro may …

six Euro-area countries over the period 2004-2011. As a first step, the supposed non stationarity of the two series is …