BACKGROUND: Paying pharmaceuticals out-of-pocket is an important source of financing pharmaceutical consumption. Only limited empirical knowledge is available on the determinants of these expenditures. OBJECTIVES: In this paper we analyze which characteristics of private households influence...

Background: Dental services differ from other health services in several dimensions. One important difference is that a substantial share of costs of dental services ? especially those beyond routine dental treatment - are paid directly by the patient out-of-pocket. Objectives: We analyze the...

BACKGROUND: Paying pharmaceuticals out-of-pocket is an important source of financing pharmaceutical consumption. Only limited empirical knowledge is available on the determinants of these expenditures. OBJECTIVES: In this paper we analyze which characteristics of private households influence...

Background: Dental services differ from other health services in several dimensions. One important difference is that a substantial share of costs of dental services ? especially those beyond routine dental treatment - are paid directly by the patient out-of-pocket. Objectives: We analyze the...

Background: Dental services differ from other health services in several dimensions. One important difference is that a substantial share of costs of dental services ? especially those beyond routine dental treatment - are paid directly by the patient out-of-pocket. Objectives: We analyze the...

BACKGROUND: Paying pharmaceuticals out-of-pocket is an important source of financing pharmaceutical consumption. Only limited empirical knowledge is available on the determinants of these expenditures. OBJECTIVES: In this paper we analyze which characteristics of private households influence...

This paper introduces a new model of trend (or underlying) inflation. In contrast to many earlier approaches, which allow for trend inflation to evolve according to a random walk, ours is a bounded model which ensures that trend inflation is constrained to lie in an interval. The bounds of this...

This paper introduces a new model of trend (or underlying) inflation. In contrast to many earlier approaches, which allow for trend inflation to evolve according to a random walk, ours is a bounded model which ensures that trend inflation is constrained to lie in an interval. The bounds of this...

This paper introduces a new model of trend (or underlying) inflation. In contrast to many earlier approaches, which allow for trend inflation to evolve according to a random walk, ours is a bounded model which ensures that trend inflation is constrained to lie in an interval. The bounds of this...