Southeast Asia countries are encountering several challenges as they are moving towards the globalization and trade liberalization era. Due to that, government intervention is essential in ensuring that the economy is resilience against the severe implications of trade openness. Therefore, this...

This paper investigates the dynamic linkages between FDI and trade of ASEAN-5 countries using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. Empirical results suggest that FDI and import are complement to each other in long run but import tends to substitute FDI in short run....

The relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Gross Domestic Products (GDP) had become the centre piece of recent researches in identifying the short run and long run implications between the two variables. Using the hypotheses of FDI led GDP and GDP led FDI as theoretical...