Objective: Vietnam’s healthcare system has undergone numerous reforms while institutionalizing a market-based mechanism. Still the poor cite medical costs and inadequate insurance as the reason to destitution risks. The reality gives rise to evidence on: 1) Effects of residency status,...

Every year, the Vietnamese people reportedly burned about 50,000 tons of joss papers, which took the form of not only bank notes, but iPhones, cars, clothes, even housekeepers, in hope of pleasing the dead. The practice was mistakenly attributed to traditional Buddhist teachings but originated...