Europe’s labor is not competitiveness taking unemployment as the relevant indicator. The paper looks at other … indicators such as job creation, productivity and unit labor costs and skills. It analyzes the reasons for the lack of … competitiveness including a low degree of wage differentiation, the impact of the welfare state on the reservation wage and high labor …

unemployment rate in the last quartercentury from below 3 percent to 11 percent. The institutional characteristics of wage … bargaining, the tax wedge and the legal rules hamper the self-equilibrating function of the labor market. The reservation wage …. Econometric evidence is presented. Unemployment differs depending on the Scandinavian, the French-Mediterranean, the German and …

Europe’s labor is not competitiveness taking unemployment as the relevant indicator. The paper looks at other … indicators such as job creation, productivity and unit labor costs and skills. It analyzes the reasons for the lack of … competitiveness including a low degree of wage differentiation, the impact of the welfare state on the reservation wage and high labor …