The innovation activities of foreign subsidiaries have been identified as an important source of competitive advantage … foreignness). We derive potential stumbling blocks in the innovation process theoretically and argue that these materialize as … innovation activities in Germany from various sectors. We find that foreign-controlled firms are not challenged by liability of …

The shift towards more open and interconnected innovation activities has been a major topic of recent academic and … universities, to increase the effectiveness of their innovation activities. Hence, management needs to define search strategies for … that search strategies driven by science, suppliers and the product market will contribute differently to innovation …

Competitors can be valuable sources and partners for innovation activities. Against the background of international …

engagements with universities propel innovation success. However, broadening the spectrum of interactions is more beneficial with … regard to innovation success. Applying latent class cluster analysis we identify four distinct patterns of interaction. Our …

This study focuses on the early stages of international innovation activities, i.e. the organizational processes …

these interaction strategies to innovation success which is directly based on university inputs. We find that the firms that …) perform better with regard to innovation success. When we compare both effects we find that broadening a firm's interaction … approach with universities has stronger performance effects on innovation success (breadth) than strengthening the intensity of …