This paper is set up to dissect the covariance patterns of the returns on the commodity and equity markets. Analyzing monthly return data from 1970:M1 to 2013M7, the results show that returns on the commodity and equity markets co-vary weakly in the opposite direction (r=-0.12) in the 1970s,...

This paper analyses how stock returns on the U.S. manufacturing industry respond to raw materials price shock. Using monthly excess return data of the U.S. manufacturing industry and the percentage change of the U.S. raw materials price commodity index from 1960:M2 to 2012:M12, the vector auto...

The purpose of the present study is to provide further empirical evidence of the January and size effects on stock returns. The data used in this study are monthly stock returns, shares outstanding, and prices of all the stocks listed on the NYSE, AMEX, and NASDAQ. The data of monthly stock...

This study investigates how returns on the S&P 500 index respond orthogonally to dividend yield and price-to-earnings innovations. The unrestricted vector autoregressive (VAR) analysis of monthly data from 1871 to 2012 shows that the response of returns on the S&P 500 index to dividend yield...

This study examines the extent to which long-term private sector external debt impacts stock market return across 26 emerging and frontier markets. The results indicate a statistically significant, positive relationship (r = 0.527, p 0.01) between the average long-term private sector external...