Employing a political-economics approach, this paper compares small states and unions when the former fail to internalize cross-border externalities of publicly provided goods. It discusses two types of unions: federations with more than one level of government and unitary states. While unitary...

Assuming that higher traveling expenses reduce traveling time, this paper considers reliefs for traveling expenses to work when a distorting wage tax is levied. While the decision on traveling expenses would not be distorted if traveling costs were completely deductible, taxation would still not...

This paper proposes the question whether or not traveling expenses to work should be deductible from the income tax base. In order to answer this question, a simple model of (im-) perfect household and worker mobility is employed. The focus of the analysis is on the efficient use of land and the...

In der Diskussion um die Abschaffung von Steuervergünstigungen wird regelmäßig die Streichung bzw. die Reduzierung der Entfernungspauschale angeführt. Prof. Dr. Wolfram F. Richter, Universität Dortmund, verlangt in diesem Zusammenhang die generelle Überprüfung des Werbekostenbegriffs und...