In a cross-border M&A framework, the question and measurement of financial synergy can be important in the analysis of the transaction and consideration needs to be given to whether the specific cross-border financial risks outweigh operational synergies. This paper develops a diffusion model to...

Vector error-correction models (VECM) are increasingly being used to capture dynamic relationships between financial variables. Estimation and interpretation of such models can be enhanced if zero restrictions are allowed in the coefficient matrices. Conventional use of full-order models may...

Vector error-correction models (VECMs) have become increasingly important in their application to financial markets. Standard full-order VECM models assume non-zero entries in all their coefficient matrices. However, applications of VECM models to financial market data have revealed that zero...