While much attention has focused on the modelling of the interdependencies between key aggregates and stock indices in industrialised countries, this thesis is focused on investments in emerging markets and real estate – two research branches that have up to now not been investigated to a...

This research advances four theoretical approaches in an attempt to relate the banking activities to the real economic activities. It starts with the Schumpeter’s circular flow of creditary production that argues that the banks start the production cycle for offering the credits that enable...

This study first shows that a transactions costs band may exist in commodity spot and futures markets and spatially separated markets as a result of the arbitrage process. Then, by using a bivariate vector error correction model (VECM), this thesis shows that the null hypothesis of linearity can...