This paper examines the asymmetric impact of globalisation and economic growth on energy consumption in BRICS countries, applying the NARDL bounds approach to explore the presence of asymmetric cointegration across variables. The empirical results reveals that energy consumption is positively...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between trade openness, financial openness, and macroeconomic volatility in Pakistan. For this purpose, time-series data from 1970-to 2010 and the ARDL cointegration technique were used to find the long-run relationship. The results...

Nowadays, it is debated why some countries are facing great macroeconomic volatility and crises. The basic reasons for dreadful macroeconomic performance and volatility are due to poor quality of institutions and unnecessary government spending, high inflation, and mismanaged exchange rates....

The present paper re-examines the asymmetric impact of financial development on environmental quality in Pakistan for the period 1985Q1 to 2014Q4. A comprehensive index of financial development is generated using Bank- and Stock market-based financial development indicators. The results show...

The present paper re-examines the asymmetric impact of financial development on environmental quality in Pakistan for the period 1985Q1 to 2014Q4. A comprehensive index of financial development is generated using Bank- and Stock market-based financial development indicators. The results show...

A jövedelemeloszlás a közgazdasági elméletek központi témája, napjainkra pedig eljutott az elmélettől az alkalmazásig. A kormányzat és az intézmények szerepe a jövedelemeloszlás alakulásában mélyreható elemzést kíván, különösen a fejlődő országokban, a megfelelő...

Income Distribution, which is a center of discussion in economic theory, has recently evolved from theory to application. The role of the government and institution in income distribution, especially in the developing countries, needs in-depth evaluation so that further policies can be...

This paper explores the effect of military expenditures on external debt in case of Pakistan over the period of 1973-2009. For this purpose, ARDL bounds testing approach is used to examine cointegration between the variables. ADF, P-P and ADF-GLS, Clemente et al. (1998) unit root tests are...

This study investigates the relationship between financial development and agriculture growth employing Cobb-Douglas function which incorporates financial development as an important factor of production for the period 1971-2011. The ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration is applied to...

Pakistan’s leading challenge today is to lessen its debt burden in order to pursue a path that leads towards sustainable and impartial growth for poverty diminution. The consequences of trade liberalization are of growing concern, mainly in the emerging economies with severe brim over effects...