Los sistemas de evaluación del crédito desarrollados internamente por los bancos centrales nacionales (ICAS) son una fuente importante de valoración del riesgo de crédito dentro del marco de los activos de garantía de política monetaria del Eurosistema. En particular, los ICAS permiten que...

Two opposing positions are frequently evoked to describe the relationship between macroeconomics and social policy. On the one hand, social policy is seen as a kind of service station. Macroeconomic programs and results are determined first, social policy deals with the consequences. On the...

There is a broad consensus that financialization has brought many disadvantages and few benefits. This raises a simple question: How did it come about? Why did professional observers allow it to happen even though financialization was not a hidden process? Can we identify sources of legitimation...