The aim of this paper is to analyse the determinants of gold prices in Pakistan and to deduce long run co-integration between them, if any. The impact of global gold prices, interest rates, foreign exchange rates, silver prices and stock market performance have been measured on the gold prices...

This study sheds new light on the question of whether or not sentiment surveys, and the expectations derived from them, are relevant to forecasting economic growth and stock returns, and whether they contain information that is orthogonal to macroeconomic and financial data. I examine 16...

This study sheds new light on the question of whether or not sentiment surveys, and the expectations derived from them, are relevant to forecasting economic growth and stock returns, and whether they contain information that is orthogonal to macroeconomic and financial data. I examine 16...

Oil export constitutes the major source of external revenue, and exchange rate determines the naira amount of the revenue and, thus, is perceived to affect aggregate consumption expenditure in Nigeria. This paper employed Nonlinear ARDL approach to examine the short-run and long-run asymmetric...

Recently the Reserve Bank of Fiji (RBF) claimed that private consumption expenditure in Fiji has grown considerably in past years. For policy purposes, it is important to re-investigate the determinants of consumption in Fiji. This paper used alternative time series techniques to estimate real...

The main aim of the paper is an investigation whether consumer tendency survey (CTS) data can be useful for short-term forecasting of real private consumption expenditures in Poland. A consumer sentiment index and as well balances for individual questions (from consumer survey conducted by...

The detection and measurement of the level of persistence on aggregate and disaggregate private consumption in Italy, Norway and United Kingdom is the main focus of the paper. Using a non-parametric methodology applied to annual data it is concluded that that one cannot reject the presence of a...

The detection and measurement of the level of persistence on aggregate and disaggregate private consumption in Italy, Norway and United Kingdom are the main focus of the paper. Using a non-parametric methodology it is concluded that we cannot reject the presence of a significant degree of...

This paper looks at the relationship between per capita saving and per capita GDP for India using the Toda and Yamamoto tests of Granger causality. Data are for 1950-2004. We distinguish between three types of saving. These are household saving, corporate saving and public saving. The results...

This paper considers an application of the ARDL model and bounds testing approach to the analysis of the long-run relationship between household consumption and aggregate income. We have explored the presence of a long-run relationship between real household consumption and indicators...