In this paper we model the fraud-like investment founds using place-transition Petri nets. We will also classify the business using regression line in order to find the possible fraud-like investment founds. In these regression lines we compute analytical the mark of a place in function of some...

Longevity risk is the risk arising from uncertainty in the prediction of future mortality. This risk must be faced by pension funds. The legislation for Dutch pension funds prescribes that the pension funds need to keep in reserve a certain level of capital for this risk. De Nederlandsche Bank...

While there is an increasing interest in crypto-assets, the credit risk of these exchanges is still relatively unexplored. To fill this gap, we consider a unique data set on 144 exchanges active from the first quarter of 2018 to the first quarter of 2021. We analyze the determinants of the...

In recent years the issue of life expectancy has become of upmost importance to pension providers, insurance companies and the government bodies in the developed world. Significant and consistent improvements in mortality rates and hence life expectancy have led to unprecedented increases in the...

A nonparametric model that includes non-Gaussian characteristics of skewness and kurtosis is proposed based on the cubic market capital asset pricing model. It is an equilibrium pricing model but risk-neutral valuation can be introduced through return data transformation. The model complies with...

Predicting life expectancy has become of upmost importance in society. Pension providers, insurance companies, government bodies and individuals in the developed world have a vested interest in understanding how long people will live for. This desire to better understand life expectancy has...

The area of mortality modelling has received significant attention over the last 25 years owing to the need to quantify and forecast improving mortality rates. This need is driven primarily by the concern of governments, insurance and actuarial professionals and individuals to be able to fund...

A nonparametric model that includes non-Gaussian characteristics of skewness and kurtosis is proposed based on the cubic market capital asset pricing model. It is an equilibrium pricing model but risk-neutral valuation can be introduced through return data transformation. The model complies with...

We propose a framework for causal inference using factor models. We base our identification strategy on the assumption that policy interventions cause structural breaks in the factor loadings for the treated units. The method allows heterogeneous trends and is easy to implement. We compare our...

Economic growth requires growth of energy consumption. In the second half of the twentieth century energy consumption began to outgrow its production and the United States. Consequently, we observe growing dependence of the U.S. economy on energy imports which is causing political and economic...